Kid-Comfort and Computers At Home
Keeping Kids Healthy While Using the Home Computer

Have you ever noticed that children are some of the most adaptive creatures on the planet? Send a child off to use the family computer and no matter what the configuration of the table or desk, monitor, keyboard, and chair they'll mold themselves around it. As we're discovering, though, this is not necessarily the way it should work. Within a typical family, there are usually a variety of computer users, but unfortunately only one computer setup. This arrangement is often expected to serve Web-addicted full size adults as well as short stuff preschoolers, sprouting eight-year-olds, and even lanky thirteen-year-olds. Pure logic alone dictates that this one-formation-fits-all computer station can't work equally well for all those individuals. But just like the airlines, which expect all body types to shoehorn comfortably into identical seats, this is often how "Family Computing Central" is set-up.

So what's an "ergometrically" correct family supposed to do? Here are some easy tips and tricks for setting up a family-friendly computer station and helping kids develop lifelong habits for comfortable computer use.

The Chair
The chair-or more specifically, the chair position-is the most obvious difference among users and is the easiest to fix. The ideal position for any person-child or adult-is to have a posture with a straight back, feet supported (not dangling), arms in a comfortable position, and hands close to the mouse and keyboard. For the littlest users, a few phone books placed on the seat can boost them up to see the screen at a good angle. Also, place a rolled up towel shaped like a tube behind the child, at the small of his or her back. This will allow for a straight spine and make time spent at the computer much more comfortable.

While kids may enjoy dangling their legs off a dock, it's not a good idea to have legs dangling from a chair in front of the computer. Use a box or a sturdy metal shelf under the computer table as a footrest so that a child doesn't have to dangle his or her feet. Unsupported feet put pressure on the back of the legs and will eventually cause lower back discomfort.

The Mouse
It is hard to imagine that computers once upon a time didn't come with a mouse. The mouse has revolutionized computing, allowing us to browse through vast amounts of text and multimedia by just pointing and clicking. But even the seemingly harmless mouse holds dangers for users who don't know how to hold it properly or who use it for long periods of time without taking a break.

The best way to hold a mouse is in a relaxed manner. Don't squeeze it too hard. Rather than rotating the wrist to move the mouse, move the arm holding the mouse. Use a mouse pad to make it easier to navigate and add some type of wrist support. Even a small towel, rolled up and secured with rubber bands, can be slipped underneath the user's wrist to offer support and comfort. A large variety of inexpensive wrist supports are available from office supply houses and mail order.

The Keyboard
The computer keyboard has already undergone several transformations. New designs that incorporate appearance and functionality are constantly being developed. There are exotic keyboards that break apart and even one that's vertical, like a pole!

The best way to use the keyboard is to have it placed directly in front of the user. If you look underneath the keyboard towards the top, you can usually locate two little tabs that fold down to raise the top of the keyboard for easier viewing. If your littlest users are having trouble seeing the keyboard easily, place some small paperback books underneath the tabs to raise it up for better viewing. Children learning keyboarding skills at school should be able to see the keys, but they should also practice relying on memory to learn the key positions.

To alleviate stress to the user (and the keyboard), young users should be taught to tap the keys lightly, rather than using any force. This practice reduces physical stress on young hands and fingers.

The Monitor
The monitor is the "thing to watch." Almost all computing actions and reactions are the result of what is viewed on the monitor screen. For all users, clear, unobstructed viewing of the screen is a must. Remember, an eight-year-old will need the monitor at a different viewing angle than will his or her older siblings or parents. Most monitors swivel and can be adjusted easily, allowing all users to position the screen so that they look at it directly rather than looking up at it

Line of Sight
In his book Help! My Computer is Killing Me, Dr. Sheik Imrhan, a renowned expert in ergonomics, stresses the importance of placing your monitor slightly below your line of sight. Studies mentioned in his book suggest that the line of sight for most people is 10-15 degrees below the horizon. Without getting too technical, if you look out about 100 feet and were to draw a line from your eyes to the fixed point that you were viewing, that would be the measure of your line-of-sight. Placing a monitor at 10-15 degrees below this line would be the optimal position for viewing the screen.

The Use of Light and the Reduction of Glare
Don't underestimate the benefits of the better use of light and the reduction of irritating glare. Light around the computer station should be subdued and indirect. One suggestion is to redirect the light in the room so that the light shines away from the screen but not in the user's face. A small reading or Tensor lamp is a big help for improving light without creating eyestrain.

Glare from outside the windows can be an especially difficult problem. Try placing the computer monitor so that direct sunlight does not strike the front of the screen. Some commercial technical support companies have their computers in a darkened room with small lamps to see the keyboard and notes. That way, the technician doesn't have to struggle to see the screen while helping customers. A commercially available anti-glare screen that sits on the face of the monitor may be a useful way to solve a glare problem.

Talking to Your School
Parents and teachers are responsible for creating as safe and stress-free a computing environment as possible for students of all ages! If your school has folding tables that sag in the middle from the weight of computer equipment and rigid chairs that all students from kindergarten through 12th grade use in a common lab, it may be time to bring up some of these ergonomic issues with the principal.

Poor computer posture and non-ergonomic practices that are learned in elementary school can be difficult to change in the high school years, and they can lead to physical problems later in life. Often, just some small changes in the location of equipment in a classroom or lab can make a big difference in eyestrain or the reduction of glare. A discussion of posture and some gentle reinforcement also will help kids avoid back problems later in life.

At Home with Computers
It's important to remember that while computers are an important part of our lives, they came to live with us, not the other way around. While computers have a lot to offer, we must find ways to adjust and modify them and be mindful of making their use comfortable and safe for all members of the family.

Resources

Web Sites:
University of Virginia-Office of Environmental Health and Safety
http://keats.admin.virginia.edu/home.html and http://keats.admin.virginia.edu/ergo/vdt.html
An excellent tutorial/description of ergonomic issues in the workplace, with pictures and helpful hints. Lots of helpful do's and don'ts.

Ergonomics
www.ergonomics.org.uk and www.ergonomics.org.
Two of the "official" groups that study Ergonomics, which is the "science" of fitting the workplace to the worker-not the worker to the workplace.

Kensington
www.kensington.com
A commercial company that has an extensive line of inexpensive aids for comfortable computing.

IBM
www.pc.ibm.com/us/healthycomputing
IBM's U.S. website provides helpful information on ergonomic, healthy computing.

Creative Classroom
www.creativeclassroom.com
An informative, commercial website devoted to issues that affect teachers, classrooms, and students.

Books:
Preventing Aches and Pains from Computer Work by Sheik N. Imrhan ISBN: 1587213508 June 2000 $20

Help! My Computer Is Killing Me: Preventing Aches and Pains in the Computer Workplace by Sheik N. Imrhan. To order book from publisher: 800-275-8188 or www.taylorpub.com $20